Instructions For Authors

It is expected that these articles would be written by individuals who have done substantial work on the subject or are considered experts in the field. A short summary of the work done by the contributor(s) in the field of review should accompany the manuscript.

Manuscript length should be up to 3000 words (excluding Abstract, References and Tables). IJTBM can exceptionally accept shorter or longer manuscripts, provided that the scientific content is of high value. No additional page charges are required if a manuscript is substantially longer than required.

Presentation and Format

1. Double spacing.
2. Margins 2.5 cm from all four sides.
3. Page numbers included at bottom.
4. Title page contains all the desired information.
5. Abstract provided (structured abstract of 250 words for original articles, unstructured abstracts of about 150 words for all other manuscripts).
6. Keywords provided (minimum three).
7. Introduction of 150-200 words.
8. Headings in Title Case (not ALL CAPITALS) (Font Size 12 Times New Roman).
9. The references cited in the text should be after punctuation marks, in superscript with square bracket.
10. References according to the journal's instructions, punctuation marks checked.
11. Text, Subheadings (Font Size 14 Times New Roman).

Language and Grammar

1. Uniformly American English.
2. Write the full term for each abbreviation at its first use in the title, abstract, keywords and text separately unless it is a standard unit of measure.
3. Numerals from 1 to 10 spelt out. Numerals at the beginning of the sentence spelt out.
4. Check the manuscript for spelling, grammar and punctuation errors.

Tables and Figures

1. No repetition of data in tables and graphs and in text.
2. Actual numbers from which graphs drawn, provided.
3. Figures necessary and of good quality (colour).
4. Table and figure numbers in Arabic letters (not Roman).
5. Figure legends provided (not more than 40 words).
6. Credit notes for borrowed figures/tables provided.
7. Write the full term for each abbreviation used in the table as a footnote.

All submitted manuscripts must include the following items.

• Title: Make sure that the title is specific and concise. Titles should be presented in UPPER CASE.
• List of authors, their affiliations and email addresses:
  • All author(s) presented in the manuscript should be added in the same order. Further, on the first page of the article (Just before abstract section), complete detail of each author should be provided in the following format (use the same format as given below):
    • Full Name
    • Highest Qualification
    • Affiliation (Department and College/University)
    • Post/Rank (If a student, provide the course name and course year)
    • ORCID (If available)
    • Email id (fake/wrong/invalid email id may cause article rejection)
  • If the manuscript is written by Bachelor/Master Degree student (below Ph.D. level student), it's mandatory to consult with the mentor before submission in this journal and include the mentor/supervisor as an author. In the case where the supervisor does not wish to be included as a co-author, we will require an email from the supervisor confirming the same.
• Abstract: The abstract should briefly introduce the manuscript, not exceeding 300 words. No citations should be included in the abstract.
• Keywords: At least 3 keywords or phrases should be included and must be separated by commas to distinguish them.
• Introduction: The introduction section should provide a context for your manuscript. When preparing the introduction, please bear in mind that some readers will not be experts in your field of research.
• Main body: The main body part should include the main proposed ideas, results and discussions.
• Conclusions: A conclusion is where you summarize the paper's findings and generalize their importance, discuss ambiguous data, and recommend further research. An effective conclusion should provide closure for a paper, leaving the reader feeling satisfied that the concepts have been fully explained. Abstract and conclusion section should be written with continuous sentences without any subheading in it, do not use bullet point/numbered list. Abstract and conclusion section should not have any citation within it.
• Figures and tables embedded in the text: All illustrations, figures and tables should be placed within the text at the appropriate place with a consistent figure/table number and descriptive title. Please ensure that the figures are of high resolution and the tables are drawn using MS word table tool.
• Declarations: The author should add the following set of declarations at the end of the manuscript:
  • Study Limitations: Provide all possible limitations faced in the study which might significantly affect research outcome. If not applicable, write, none.
  • Acknowledgments: If not applicable, write, none
  • Funding Source: If no funding source exists, write, none.
  • Competing Interests: The author must add a statement for the potential conflict of interest.

Guideline for References

1. The APA referencing style should be uniformly used for references.
2. References should be numbered consecutively in the order in which they are first mentioned in the text (not in alphabetic order).
3. Identify references in text, tables, and legends by Arabic numerals in superscript with square bracket after the punctuation marks.
4. References cited only in tables or figure legends should be numbered in accordance with the sequence established by the first identification in the text of the particular table or figure.
5. While referencing don’t use any software like end note etc.
6. Kindly be reminded for the completeness of the references in all aspects. It should include year of publication, and page no also. If a reference has DOI, this should also be included in reference.

Before submission, please ensure that your articles are in the Microsoft word (doc/docx) format.

The final formatting of the published article may be different than the submission requirement as final formatting in the accepted article gets applied by our copyeditor at the copyediting stage.